• Family : Asteraceae
  (Composite Or Aster Or Sunflower Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : GENDA FAMILY (गेंदा फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Asteraceae
• Synonym(s) : Carduus involucratus Wall.; Carduus trilobatus Buch.-Ham. ex DC.; Cirsium involucratum DC.; Cnicus involucratus Wall. ex DC.; Cnicus verutus D.Don
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Cirsium verutum (D.Don) Spreng.
• Common name : Common Thistle
• Vernacular name : Thakal, Sungure kanda (Nepali); Zo-lenhling (Mizo)
• Habit : Herb
• Habitat : Slopes, forests, forest margins
• Key identification features : Herbs 1-1.5 m tall, perennial. Stems erect, branched, unwinged, with long multicellular hairs. Leaves concolorous, green, abaxially glabrous or sparsely cobwebby and with long multicellular hairs, adaxially rough and sparsely to densely spinulose.
• Flower, Fruit : July-September
• Distribution :
  • Kashmir : Kashmir
• Native : India, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya
• Exotic/Native : Native
• Literature : Oleg P & Adam S (1984). Flowers of Himalaya. Oxford University Press: 733
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Navendu Page, Deepak Kumar (2020). Pan India Bouquets. http://flora-peninsula-indica.ces.iisc.ac.in/pan/plants.php?name=Cirsium verutum. Downloaded on 7 December 2023.

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