• Family : Asteraceae
  (Composite Or Aster Or Sunflower Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : GENDA FAMILY (गेंदा फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Asteraceae
• Synonym(s) : Carduus involucratus Wall.; Carduus trilobatus Buch.-Ham. ex DC.; Cirsium involucratum DC.; Cnicus involucratus Wall. ex DC.; Cnicus verutus D.Don
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Cirsium verutum (D.Don) Spreng.
• Common name : Common Thistle
• Vernacular name : Thakal, Sungure kanda, Dhaade Kaandaa, Sunggure Kaandaa, Thakaal (Nepali); Zo-lenhling (Mizo)
• Habit : Herb
• Habitat : Slopes, forests, forest margins and irrigation ditch; 500 - 3900 m. altitude
• Flower, Fruit : July-September
• Distribution :
  • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
• Native : Bhutan, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : North Pakistan to Tibet and Indo-China
• Literature : Uniyal B.P., Sharma J.R., Choudhery U., Singh D.K. (2007). Flowering Plants of Uttarakhand: A Checklist. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh: 154; GRIERSON A.J.C. & LONG D.G. (1983). FLORA OF BHUTAN INCLUDING A RECORD OF PLANTS FROM SIKKIM Vol. 2: Part 3. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, EDINBURGH: 1431
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Navendu Page, Deepak Kumar (2020). Pan India Bouquets. http://flora-peninsula-indica.ces.iisc.ac.in/pan/plants.php?name=Cirsium verutum. Downloaded on 3 December 2023.

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